1st International Conference of Soil and Agriculture:
TOWARDS SOIL SUSTAINABILITY
11–13 June 2024 • Lublin–Nałęczów, Poland

https://doi.org/10.24326/ICSA1.PP.27
Published online: 4 October 2024

The influence of rainfall and thermal conditions
on the yield of aboveground matter of Polish varieties
of Helianthus tuberosus L.
Dominika Skiba*, Ewelina Flis-Olszewska

Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, Agrometeorology Laboratory,
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
* Corresponding author:

Abstract
Poland’s climatic conditions are favourable for cultivation of many species of energy plants. One of them is the tuberous sunflower belonging to the C3 type plants. This short-day plant reacts to the long days in our latitude by inhibiting its generative development. The development cycle of early varieties lasts 18–20 weeks (between mid-April and mid-October), while the development cycle of late varieties lasts 26–28 weeks (from mid-April to mid-November). In the literature little information is available regarding the impact of temperature and precipitation on the yield of Jerusalem artichoke, hence the aim of the study was to assess the impact of hydrothermal conditions on the yield of above-ground parts. The field experiment was conducted in 2020–2022 at the Experimental Station of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The experiment was set up using the double-split experimental unit method (split-split-plot) in three repetitions. The research involved two Polish varieties of Jerusalem artichoke: Albik and Rubik, both registered on the list of cultivated varieties in 1997. The tubers were planted every 40 cm in the row and the distance between the rows was 62.5 cm. Albik is characterized by a medium spreading shape, a stem up to 3 m high, medium thickness, oval-heart-shaped leaves, very pointed, green in colour and medium-long leaf petioles, the edges of the leaf blade are serrated; yellowish flowers. Rubik has a medium spreading shape and stems about 3 m high; oval-heart-shaped leaves with pointed tips, green leaf colour; leaf petiole – long, leaf edges – serrated; inflorescence mounted on the tips of branching stems; yellow flowers. The average yield values of the above-ground part of the Albik variety was 25.11 t/ha and of the Rubik variety 15.81 t/ha. The Albik variety produced the highest yield (27.15 t/ha) in 2021 when, compared to the other two analysed years, the lowest average air temperature (lower then multi-annual average) and the lowest precipitation were observed (significantly lower than in 2020 and 2022). On the other hand, Rubik had the highest yield (19.29 t/ha) in 2022, when hydrothermal conditions were intermediate: air temperature were at the same level as multi-annual average and precipitation was nearly 100 mm below the 10-year average.

Keywords: air temperature, precipitation, yield, aboveground mass, Jerusalem artichoke

How to cite
Skiba D., Flis-Olszewska E., 2024. The influence of rainfall and thermal conditions on the yield of aboveground matter of Polish varieties of Helianthus tuberosus L. 1st International Conference of Soil and Agriculture: Towards Soil Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.24326/ICSA1.PP.27