The main directions of the Faculty’s scientific and research activities related to teaching activities are conducted in the following areas: biophysics, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, plant physiology, microbiology, botany, zoology, ecology, ecotoxicology, hydrobiology, landscape ecology, nature protection. The Faculty has significant achievements in the protection of genetic resources of peat bog plants, including the restitution of Lapland and blueberry willow, development of plant beneficial value, determination of their suitability for pollinating insects and forecasting the occurrence of pollen allergy symptoms. A new method was developed to test the mechanical properties of thin-layer biological materials, including biodegradable materials. The phenomenon of double fluorescence in thiadiazole derivatives with high anticancer activity has been explained. Plans for the protection of water resources and ecosystems as well as the protection of fauna of many national parks have been developed. These activities resulted in, among others, distinguishing the most valuable natural areas of the Poleski National Park, to be available in the form of educational paths. Pioneering studies of the microorganisms of the Antarctic glacial environments have been carried out, which is particularly important in the era of increasing climate change.